Fascicules Series

Both North and South Mediterranean countries are experiencing rapid demographic, social, cultural, economic, and ecologic changes. What are these changes leading to? What future is in store for the Mediterranean countries? How should the countries act, individually and collectively, to solve the rising problems they are facing? The Blue plan's purpose is to find answers to these questions, using prospective scenarios that reach as far as 2025. These scenarios include the economic and geographic spheres, and are built through the observation and the assessment of the relations between environment and development.

Based on these works as well as on acquired expertise, it seemed relevant to deepen the problematic and the evolution of each sector and each environment in the Mediterranean region. This is the purpose of the Blue Plan's monograhs, called "les Fascicules du Plan Bleu". The series is edited by Michel Batisse. The monograhs can be read independently of the principal publication of which they use the prospective analysis, and update or complete the data.

These publications are available in bookshop and published in French by : Economica, 49 rue Héricart , F - 75015 Paris , Tel : 33 (0)1 45 78 12 92, Fax : 33 (0)1 45 75 05 67, Web : www.economica.fr

For other versions (English, Arabic, Turkish and Spanish), refer to the list of publishers.

 

Pêche & aquaculture en Méditerranée. Etat actuel et perspectives

[Fisheries & Aquaculture in the Mediterranean region]
CHARBONNIER Daniel et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1990 - 94 p.
Fascicule n° 1 - FR

The following matters are dealt with: hydrological and ecological features of the Mediterranean and state of the sea ecosystem, fisheries' present situation in the region, main current actions for fisheries development and perspectives offered by aquaculture, relationship between pollution and living resources in the Mediterranean. The prospective study (1985-2025) is based on the Blue Plan global scenarios. Suggestions for action are given at the end. Annexes: main species captured in the Mediterranean, total catch (1975-1987) by species or by major species groups, list of national fisheries services and of specialized research institutions.

Les forêts méditerranéennes. Enjeux et perspectives
[Mediterranean Forests]
MARCHAND Henri et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1990 - 108 p.
Fascicule n° 2 - FR (out of print)

The historical evolution of Mediterranean forests is reminded together with the geographical demarcations, structures and features. Analysis of present situation and following issues: forestry inventories, land ownership, forestry policies and legislation. Description of the Mediterranean forests' main functions, their physical planning and management, the competing claims on these resources. The prospective study is founded on present trends, current activities, the role of main actors and possibilities of action. On the basis of Blue Plan trend and alternative scenarios, the study presents possible futures of the Mediterranean forests. Suggestions for action are given at the end. Annexes: list of national forest services and of specialized research and training institutions.

 

Conservation des écosystèmes méditerranéens. Enjeux et perspectives

[Conservation of Mediterranean Ecosystems]
RAMADE François et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, New ed. 1997 - 144p.
Fascicule n° 3 - FR

Ecological features of the Mediterranean region regarding inland areas as well as coastal areas. Conservation issues in the Mediterranean: fragile coastal and continental ecosystems, threatened species, present situation of protected areas. Factors contributing to ecosystem degradation. Measures to be taken in order to improve conservation in the region. Prospective outlines founded on the Blue Plan scenarios. Suggestions for action. Annexes: extinct and endangered species in the region, protected areas, the Ramsar Convention sites (wetlands) in the Mediterranean, sea sites to be protected, national services and institutions involved in conservation of nature.

Industrie et environnement en Méditerranée. Evolution et perspectives
[Industry and Environment in the Mediterranean region]
GIRI Jacques et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1991 - 115 p.
Fascicule n° 4 - FR

The first part of the study deals with industry evolution (1950-1990) and to its place in Mediterranean economies. Main industrial branches as regards their impact on environment. Medium and long term development perspectives in the different countries or groups of countries are presented concerning either the whole industry or the most polluting industrial sectors. The second part deals with the relationships between industry and the environment: outlook of the degradations due to industry in 1990, the extent of the problem in some Mediterranean areas, technological prospects for the main industries, and scenarios on future industry-environment relationships. Suggestions for action are given at the end.

Les îles en Méditerranée. Enjeux et perspectives

[The Mediterranean Islands]
BRIGAND Louis et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1992 - 98 p.
Fascicule n° 5 - FR

There are quite a few hundred of islands and numerous archipelagoes in the Mediterranean. Near 200 of these islands are permanently inhabited. Together with the Caribbean and the Pacific, they form one of the most important groups of islands in the world, having a significant ecological, economic, social, political and cultural role.

Given the large diversity of island situations in the Mediterranean, this fascicle focuses on their possible evolution vis-a-vis the continents around them. A detailed study is carried out on their geographical, demographic and administrative diversity as well as on the different development sectors, with particular focus on tourism. Environmental components are analysed, underlying problematic issues such as freshwater and coastal management. Future perspectives are then explored according to Blue Plan scenarios. At the end, several suggestions for action are proposed to island authorities and to scientists .

 

 

 

L'eau dans le bassin méditerranéen. Situation et prospective
[Water in the Mediterranean Basin]
MARGAT Jean
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1992 [édition en français]
Giza (EGY) : PNUE. CAR-PB ; CEDARE, 1994 [Arabic edition]. 196 p.
Fascicule n° 6 - FR (out of print) / ARA (published in Arab by CEDARE, Egypt)

Water is a main concern in the Mediterranean region because of summer droughts and uses for irrigation and tourism. The study describes the hydrological cycle in the region, reminds the important role of water for the environment and for development, and analyses water resources and uses in the different Mediterranean countries. Basis of prospective studies for water supply and demand. The weight of demography is underlined. Scenarios of water sectoral demand (local communities, agriculture, industry, energy, tourism) and of water resources are drawn up for 2000 and 2025. Technical progress that may take place is also considered. The concluding remarks highlight the core problem of water management, and propose suggestions for action in order to establish the foundings of a Mediterranean water policy. Annexes: Declaration of Mediterranean Ministers of water resources (Algiers, May 30 1990); glossary; bibliography; list of national water services and institutions.

 

 

 

Energie et environnement en Méditerranée. Enjeux et prospective

[Energy and Environment in the Mediterranean region]
GRENON Michel et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1993 - 168 p.
Fascicule n° 7 - FR

Energy outlook in the Mediterranean: consumption, production, proven reserves and potential resources that, unequally distributed, rule the geography of exchanges. Climatic effects, and in particular the greenhouse effect, are examined: scientific aspects, possible impact on the Mediterranean environment and politicy reactions. A major place is reserved to hydrocarbons and to electrical production as well as to their impact on the environment. Foundings of energy control policies. Basis for medium and long term scenarios.

 

 

Tourisme et environnement en Méditerranée. Enjeux et prospective
[Tourism and environment in the Mediterranean region]
LANQUAR Robert et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1995 - 174 p.
Fascicule n° 8 - FR

The Mediterranean countries, as a whole, host more than the third of the international tourism and constitute the first world tourism destination. However, the mass tourism phenomenon, with its economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions, is rather recent, only beginning about fifty years ago. Tourism is not only a common vocation for all Mediterranean countries, but also a key economic stock, having complex relationships with the environment. Main features are a strong spatial concentration on the coastal regions, and in particular, on the coasline, a concentration in time (three-month season with a peak period), and a very uneven breakdown among the bordering countries. Several suggestions for action are directed to governments, local authorities and tourism professions : for the Mediterranean countries, the only way to make their existing tourism competition become complementarity, needs improving environmental protection of coastal waters, marine bottom, beaches, rocky coasts, forest areas and wetlands.

 

 

 

Transports et environnement en Méditerranée. Enjeux et prospective

[Transport and environment in the Mediterranean region]
REYNAUD C. et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1996 - 180 p.
Fascicule n° 9 - FR

The integrating role of transport at the regional and international levels has seldom been questioned for the Mediterranean region, where men and goods circulation have well and truly shapened history. At present, and even more in the future, transport can either contribute to a better cohesion of the Mediterranean region or constitute a threat for a fragile environment, if its development remains uncontrolled. Within the framework of the Blue Plan global scenarios, the analysis of transport is based on the sustainable development concept that seeks to conciliate traffic growth and environmental conservation. The approach is global and makes reference to the different transport means, to their contribution to economic growth and to choices between ways of life. The scale is also global since transport, routing organization, and design of infrastructure networks are conducted at the level of new continental wholes in the northern, southern, and eastern Mediterranean. Specific scenarios are presented together with an assessment of environmental impacts. The objective is to give back an overall transport logics to the Mediterranean Basin, and to find again a balance between road and maritime routes at a time where coastal plains are saturated and polluted, and coastal navigation remains not well integrated into transport systems.

 

 

 

Les risques naturels en Méditerranée. Situation et perspectives
[Natural risks in the Mediterranean region]
VILLEVIEILLE Alain et al.
Economica - Plan Bleu, 1997 - 160 p.
Fascicule n° 10 - FR

 

 

La démographie en Méditerranée. Situation et projections

[Demography in the Mediterranean region]
ATTANE Isabelle et COURBAGE Youssef
Economica - Plan Bleu, 2001 - 249 p.
Fascicule n° 11 – FR

 

 

Les espaces boisés méditerranéens. Situation et perspectives
[Mediterranean woodlands]
DE MONTGOLFIER Jean
Economica - Plan Bleu, 2002 - 192 p.
Fascicule n° 12 – FR